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Resilience or Catastrophe? A possible state change for monarch butterflies in western North America

Crone EE, Schultz CB. Ecology letters, June 2021.

Go to the paper May need a subscription · doi:10.1111/ele.13816

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Key terms

Urban ecologyDanaus plexippusDisease EcologyEcological TrapSource-sink DynamicsAlternative Stable StatesEcological Surprises

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APA Milkweed USA. (2026). Resilience or Catastrophe? A possible state change for monarch butterflies in western North America (listing). Retrieved DATE, from https://milkweedusa.com/research/resilience-or-catastrophe-a-possible-state-change-for-monarch-2021/
MLA "Resilience or Catastrophe? A possible state change for monarch butterflies in western North America (listing)." Milkweed USA, 2026, https://milkweedusa.com/research/resilience-or-catastrophe-a-possible-state-change-for-monarch-2021/. Accessed DATE.
Chicago Milkweed USA. "Resilience or Catastrophe? A possible state change for monarch butterflies in western North America (listing)." Last modified 2026-08-01. Accessed DATE. https://milkweedusa.com/research/resilience-or-catastrophe-a-possible-state-change-for-monarch-2021/.
BibTeX @misc{milkweedusa_researchresilienceorcatastro, title = {Resilience or Catastrophe? A possible state change for monarch butterflies in western North America (listing)}, author = {{Milkweed USA}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://milkweedusa.com/research/resilience-or-catastrophe-a-possible-state-change-for-monarch-2021/}, note = {Accessed DATE} }