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Fitness costs of animal medication: antiparasitic plant chemicals reduce fitness of monarch butterfly hosts

Tao L, Hoang KM, Hunter MD and others. The Journal of animal ecology, July 2016.

Go to the paper May need a subscription · doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12558

Abstract

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Key terms

CardenolidesSelf-medicationTrade-offsHost-parasite InteractionsEcological ImmunologyMonarch Butterfly

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APA Milkweed USA. (2026). Fitness costs of animal medication: antiparasitic plant chemicals reduce fitness of monarch butterfly hosts (listing). Retrieved DATE, from https://milkweedusa.com/research/fitness-costs-of-animal-medication-antiparasitic-plant-chemicals-reduce-2016/
MLA "Fitness costs of animal medication: antiparasitic plant chemicals reduce fitness of monarch butterfly hosts (listing)." Milkweed USA, 2026, https://milkweedusa.com/research/fitness-costs-of-animal-medication-antiparasitic-plant-chemicals-reduce-2016/. Accessed DATE.
Chicago Milkweed USA. "Fitness costs of animal medication: antiparasitic plant chemicals reduce fitness of monarch butterfly hosts (listing)." Last modified 2026-08-01. Accessed DATE. https://milkweedusa.com/research/fitness-costs-of-animal-medication-antiparasitic-plant-chemicals-reduce-2016/.
BibTeX @misc{milkweedusa_researchfitnesscostsofanimal, title = {Fitness costs of animal medication: antiparasitic plant chemicals reduce fitness of monarch butterfly hosts (listing)}, author = {{Milkweed USA}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://milkweedusa.com/research/fitness-costs-of-animal-medication-antiparasitic-plant-chemicals-reduce-2016/}, note = {Accessed DATE} }