A poor substitute for the real thing: captive-reared monarch butterflies are weaker, paler and have less elongated wings than wild migrants
Davis AK, Smith FM, Ballew AM. Biology letters, April 2020.
Go to the paper May need a subscription · doi:10.1098/rsbl.2019.0922
Abstract
Not reproduced here. The abstract is the publisher’s copyright. Read it at the source.
Key terms
Find the paper
Cite this page
This page is licensed CC BY 4.0. Quote it, adapt it and reuse it, including commercially, as long as you credit Milkweed USA and link back.
APA
Milkweed USA. (2026). A poor substitute for the real thing: captive-reared monarch butterflies are weaker, paler and have less elongated wings than wild migrants (listing). Retrieved DATE, from https://milkweedusa.com/research/a-poor-substitute-for-the-real-thing-captive-reared-2020/
MLA
"A poor substitute for the real thing: captive-reared monarch butterflies are weaker, paler and have less elongated wings than wild migrants (listing)." Milkweed USA, 2026, https://milkweedusa.com/research/a-poor-substitute-for-the-real-thing-captive-reared-2020/. Accessed DATE.
Chicago
Milkweed USA. "A poor substitute for the real thing: captive-reared monarch butterflies are weaker, paler and have less elongated wings than wild migrants (listing)." Last modified 2026-08-01. Accessed DATE. https://milkweedusa.com/research/a-poor-substitute-for-the-real-thing-captive-reared-2020/.
BibTeX
@misc{milkweedusa_researchapoorsubstituteforth,
title = {A poor substitute for the real thing: captive-reared monarch butterflies are weaker, paler and have less elongated wings than wild migrants (listing)},
author = {{Milkweed USA}},
year = {2026},
url = {https://milkweedusa.com/research/a-poor-substitute-for-the-real-thing-captive-reared-2020/},
note = {Accessed DATE}
}